{"id":3329,"date":"2021-07-20T17:27:06","date_gmt":"2021-07-20T11:57:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/?p=3329"},"modified":"2022-12-26T18:48:27","modified_gmt":"2022-12-26T13:18:27","slug":"alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/","title":{"rendered":"What Are Alpha and Beta in Mutual Funds \u2013 Difference, Importance and Calculation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What if we tell you there are two \u201cgo-to\u201d metrics to gauge the performance and response of the fund against the benchmark? Well, using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/significance-of-alpha-and-beta-of-a-stock\/\">Alpha and Beta<\/a>, you can assess the financial performance of the funds so that the returns on the investment meet your expectations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before walking ahead, let\u2019s take a concise understanding of the benchmark <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/stock-market-index\/\">index<\/a>, as you\u2019ll encounter this term quite often in the article. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/securities-and-exchange-board-of-india-functions-powers-and-regulations-of-sebi\/\">SEBI<\/a> has made it mandatory for fund houses to determine a benchmark index. This index could be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/sensex-companies\/\">Sensex<\/a>, Nifty, CNX Midcap, Smallcap, or others. The benchmark index provides a standard point of reference for the comparison of a mutual fund\u2019s returns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let\u2019s dive into Alpha and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/beta-in-stock-market\/\">Beta<\/a> in detail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_66_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#What-is-mutual-fund-performance\" title=\"What is mutual fund performance?\">What is mutual fund performance?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#What-is-Alpha\" title=\"What is Alpha?\">What is Alpha?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#What-is-Beta\" title=\"What is Beta?\">What is Beta?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#Importance-of-Alpha-and-Beta\" title=\"Importance of Alpha and Beta\">Importance of Alpha and Beta<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#Calculation-of-Alpha-in-mutual-funds\" title=\"Calculation of Alpha in mutual funds\">Calculation of Alpha in mutual funds<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#Calculation-of-Beta-in-mutual-funds\" title=\"Calculation of Beta in mutual funds\">Calculation of Beta in mutual funds<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#Difference-between-Alpha-and-Beta\" title=\"Difference between Alpha and Beta\">Difference between Alpha and Beta<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#Other-ratios-worth-considering\" title=\"Other ratios worth considering\">Other ratios worth considering<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#To-conclude\" title=\"To conclude\">To conclude<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#FAQs\" title=\"FAQs\">FAQs<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#What-are-Alpha-and-Beta-in-a-mutual-fund\" title=\"What are Alpha and Beta in a mutual fund?\">What are Alpha and Beta in a mutual fund?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/alpha-and-beta-in-mutual-funds\/#What-are-the-formulas-for-Alpha-and-Beta\" title=\"What are the formulas for Alpha and Beta?\">What are the formulas for Alpha and Beta?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-is-mutual-fund-performance\"><\/span><strong>What is mutual fund performance?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When you <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/why-should-you-prioritise-investing\/\">invest<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/mutual-funds\/\">mutual funds<\/a>, what you get is units of the scheme. The traded price of each unit of the mutual fund is determined by the Net Asset Value (NAV). This NAV changes every day in line with the price movement in the different securities that the fund has invested in.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NAV plays the apex role in the performance of mutual funds. It is calculated by dividing the total value of all the cash and securities in a fund\u2019s portfolio, minus any liabilities, by the number of outstanding shares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>NAV = (Fund assets \u2013 Fund liabilities) \/ Number of outstanding shares<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The increase in the NAV from the time of investment is the profit an investor makes. Higher the NAV growth, the better the performance of the fund!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That said, the absolute value of NAV is not the only indicator of mutual fund performance. The rate of growth that signifies the returns from the investment is a more important aspect as the NAV changes on a per-day basis.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-is-Alpha\"><\/span><strong>What is Alpha?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alpha measures the performance of the fund in comparison to the performance of the benchmark market index it tracks. In some ways, Alpha is a measure of the performance of the fund manager itself. It measures the endeavours put in by the fund manager to drive the fund to yield handsome returns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Note: The baseline for Alpha is taken as 0.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>An Alpha of 0 would mean the fund manager\u2019s performance is exactly in line with the benchmark index. That is, the mutual fund would generate precisely the same return as the benchmark index.<\/li><li>A positive Alpha denotes that the fund manager has outperformed the benchmark index in terms of returns. An Alpha of 1.0 means the fund has outperformed the index by 1%.<\/li><li>A negative Alpha signifies that the fund manager is underachieving. A -1.0 alpha indicates 1% underperformance.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Value of Alpha<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Performance of the asset manager<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&gt;0<\/td><td>Outperformance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>=0<\/td><td>Performance precisely in line with the index<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&lt;0<\/td><td>Underperformance<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-is-Beta\"><\/span><strong>What is Beta?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Beta is a measure of the responsiveness of a mutual fund vis-a-vis its benchmark index. It points out how sensitive a mutual fund is to fluctuations in the benchmark index.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The idea behind the indicator Beta is to gauge the stability of the mutual fund. A mutual fund should not take wild swings and should be capable of absorbing any wild momentum in the benchmark index.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Note: Beta is baselined at 1.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>A Beta of 1 indicates that the mutual fund shows the same deviations as the benchmark index.<\/li><li>A Beta &gt; 1 means the mutual fund is overly responsive to the benchmark index. For example, if a fund portfolio\u2019s Beta is 1.2, it is theoretically 20% more volatile than the market.&nbsp;<\/li><li>A Beta &lt; 1 indicates that the fund is relatively stable and doesn\u2019t change to the extent the benchmark index does.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Value of Beta<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Sensitivity of the fund<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&gt;1<\/td><td>More variation than the benchmark index<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>=1<\/td><td>Same variation as that of the benchmark index<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&lt;1<\/td><td>Less variation than the benchmark index<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importance-of-Alpha-and-Beta\"><\/span><strong>Importance of Alpha and Beta<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The past performance of a mutual fund can be of great help while making informed decisions. Though past performance is not an assurance that the fund will perform in the future, it still gives a baseline to compare the mutual fund with its peers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When gauging the fund\u2019s history and track record, ratios like Alpha and Beta are of great help. In addition, they help with the projection of prospects like viability, growth, and sustainability of the fund.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alpha reveals how competent the fund manager has been in generating profits in the past, how well they deal with and how quickly they adapt to the changing market scenarios. An investor would be best placed to make a call depending on their financial objectives and risk appetite when they are familiar with the past performance and the fund manager\u2019s capabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Likewise, Beta signifies how volatile a mutual fund has been in the past in response to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/volatility\/\">volatility<\/a> in the market. A mutual fund with a higher beta would be a sensible pick for an investor looking to invest aggressively and reap some quick returns in a shorter run. A smaller upside surge in the benchmark index would result in the mutual fund moving exponentially.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, for an investor with a modest-to-safe approach, a mutual fund with a lower beta could be ideal as the fund won\u2019t react as wildly to the market fluctuations and yield a steady return.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Calculation-of-Alpha-in-mutual-funds\"><\/span><strong>Calculation of Alpha in mutual funds<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alpha can be calculated using the formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>(Closing price \u2013 Open price + DPS) \/ Open price<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here, DPS stands for Distribution Per Share. Suppose the Alpha for a mutual fund comes out to be 4. It means that the asset manager has reaped 4% higher returns than the benchmark index.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Calculation-of-Beta-in-mutual-funds\"><\/span><strong>Calculation of Beta in mutual funds<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Beta can be calculated using the formula:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Covariance\/Variance of market returns<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here, covariance is the measure of how two stocks react to each other in changing market conditions. When the two stocks move in unison, a positive covariance is achieved. In contrast, covariance is negative when the two stocks move in different directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Variance represents the price deviation of the fund over a given period. Thus, it quantifies how much the price of the fund has deviated from its mean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Difference-between-Alpha-and-Beta\"><\/span><strong>Difference between Alpha and Beta<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The two parameters are similar in the sense that they help investors in making wise decisions about their investments. But what is the difference between Alpha and Beta? Let\u2019s find out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Difference points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Alpha<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Beta<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>What it measures<\/strong><\/td><td>Alpha measures the performance of a fund in relation to its benchmark index.<\/td><td>Beta is a sensitive index that measures a fund&#8217;s volatility relative to a benchmark index.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Baseline measures<\/strong><\/td><td>For Alpha, it is zero. It means that a fund\u2019s performance does not exceed its relative benchmark.<\/td><td>For Beta, it is one. It means the price movement of a fund is the same as its relative benchmark index.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>They can be used independently, or they may be used together to determine if an investment is expected to outperform its benchmark index, adjusted for its risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Other-ratios-worth-considering\"><\/span><strong>Other ratios worth considering<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alpha and Beta, arguably, are the most widely used ratios to evaluate a fund\u2019s performance but not the only ones. As mentioned above as well, there are Standard Deviation, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/sharpe-ratio\/\">Sharpe Ratio<\/a>, P\/E Ratio, and R-Square, among others, to get meaningful insights into the fund\u2019s performance. Let\u2019s get to know each one in brief:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Standard deviation:<\/strong> It evaluates the quantum of the volatility of the fund. Standard deviation determines the deviation a mutual fund\u2019s price has undergone from its mean in different time periods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sharpe Ratio:<\/strong> It is used to quantify the returns at changing levels of risk. Sharpe Ratio is reached by subtracting the risk-free return from the portfolio return. Generally, it is calculated every month and compiled annually for better understanding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sharpe Ratio = (Average returns of the fund \u2212 Risk-Free Rate) \/ Standard Deviation of fund\u2019s return<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>R-Squared:<\/strong> It is a statistical tool devised to measure how identical the mutual fund\u2019s performance is to its benchmark. R-Squared has a range of 0-100. An R-Squared value of 100 would mean that movements in the benchmark index explain all the actions of the mutual fund. While a lower R-Squared value, let\u2019s say 25, means movements in the benchmark index only explain 25% of the mutual fund activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"To-conclude\"><\/span><strong>To conclude<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alpha and Beta, along with the ratios mentioned above, help decipher the complete understanding of a fund and give ample information to enable us to make conjectures about the future. It is essential to develop an understanding of these ratios to be able to select the right fund in conjunction with your investment objectives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span><strong>FAQs<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1672060468148\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-are-Alpha-and-Beta-in-a-mutual-fund\"><\/span><strong>What are Alpha and Beta in a mutual fund?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Mutual fund ratios are technical tools that help you assess the performance of a mutual fund scheme. Two of them are Alpha and Beta.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Alpha is a number that shows how well the scheme has performed with respect to its benchmark index. If the Alpha is positive, the scheme is said to have surpassed its benchmark index. The higher the Alpha, the more lucrative the investment option is.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Beta shows the volatility mutual fund experiences in relation to the benchmark index. A Beta of one indicates that the fund moved exactly in tandem with the market. If the Beta is higher than one, it means the fund was more aggressive in its approach than the benchmark index.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1672060493435\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-are-the-formulas-for-Alpha-and-Beta\"><\/span><strong>What are the formulas for Alpha and Beta?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Alpha and Beta formula:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Alpha &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(Closing price \u2013 Open price + DPS) \/ Open price<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Here, DPS stands for Distribution Per Share.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Beta &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Covariance\/Variance of market returns<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Here, covariance is the measure of how two stocks react to each other in changing market conditions.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alpha and Beta in mutual funds are important measures in determining the performance of funds. Know more about them, their importance and how they are calculated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"featured_media":3337,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","footnotes":""},"categories":[1750,1721],"tags":[],"acf":[],"modified_by":"Anjali Chourasiya","jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MF-1-2.png?wsr","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/90"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3329"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11505,"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329\/revisions\/11505"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tickertape.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}